Real-Time RT-PCR (Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction) is a sensitive and fast test used for detecting the presence of specific genetic materials within a sample. This genetic material can be specific to humans, bacteria, and viruses like SARS-CoV-2.
Most RT-PCR specimens are collected from the upper respiratory tract using nasopharyngeal swabs, although oropharyngeal swabs, and more recently, saliva, may also be used. The sensitivity and time course are thought to be similar between all three sample types.
These samples are most accurate within the first week after symptoms appear, and viral loads decline over the next couple of weeks. Four weeks after symptom onset, the RT-PCR is more likely to be negative than positive.
A CT value signals the number of cycles for a sample to go through to amplify and bring up the viral DNA to a traceable level under given settings.
HRCT (high-resolution computerised tomography) scanning uses X-rays to produce detailed images of the inside of your body. These images show cross sections (slices) through the heart and lungs.
HRCT scanning can also show possible blood clots in the lungs
CT SEVERITY SCORE
| SCORE | CT SEVERITY |
| <8 | MILD |
| 9-15 | MODERATE |
| >15 | SEVERE |
C-reactive protein (CRP) is a protein made by the liver. CRP levels in the blood increase when there is a condition causing inflammation somewhere in the body. A CRP test measures the amount of CRP in the blood to detect inflammation due to acute conditions or to monitor the severity of disease in chronic conditions.
CRP is a non-specific indicator of inflammation and one of the most sensitive acute phase reactants. That means that it is released into the blood within a few hours after an injury, the start of an infection, or other cause of inflammation. Markedly increased levels can occur, for example, after trauma or a heart attack, with active or untreated autoimmune disorders, and with serious bacterial infections, such as in sepsis. The level of CRP can jump as much as a thousand-fold in response to bacterial infection, and its rise in the blood can precede pain, fever, or other signs and symptoms.
| CRP(mg/dl) | SEVERITY OF INFLAMMATION |
| 0-6 | NORMAL |
| 26-100 | MODERATE |
| >100 | SEVERE |
D-dimer is a fibrin degradation product that is often used to measure and assess clot formation. Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, elevated D-dimer levels have been associated with disease severity and mortality trends.
The presence of D-dimer in the blood plasma, which has a half-life of roughly 8 hours until kidney clearance occurs, is often used as a clinical biomarker to identify thrombotic activity and therefore diagnose conditions like pulmonary embolism (PE), deep vein thrombosis (DVT), venous thromboembolism (VTE) and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
| -dimer( micro gram/ml) | SEVERITY OF INFLAMMATION |
| <0.5 | MILD |
| <1 | MODERATE |
| >1 | SEVERE |
If D-dimer is measured in ng/ml then multiply above reading by 1000
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a protein produced by various cells. It helps regulate immune responses, which makes the IL-6 test potentially useful as a marker of immune system activation. IL-6 can be elevated with inflammation, infection, autoimmune disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and some cancers. The test measures the amount of IL-6 in the blood.
Interleukin-6 is one of a large group of molecules called cytokines. Cytokines have multiple roles to play within the body and act especially within the immune system to help direct the body's immune response. They are a part of the "inflammatory cascade" that involves the coordinated, sequential activation of immune response pathways.
IL-6 acts on a variety of cells and tissues. It promotes differentiation of B-cells (white blood cells that produce antibodies), promotes cell growth in some cells, and inhibits growth in others. It stimulates the production of acute phase proteins. IL-6 also plays a role in body temperature regulation, bone maintenance, and brain function. It is primarily pro-inflammatory but can also have anti-inflammatory effects.
| IL-6 PG/ML | SEVERITY OF INFLAMMATION |
| 0-7 | NORMAL |
| <15 | MILD |
| 15-100 | MODERATE |
| 100-500 | SEVERE |
| >500 | CRITICAL |
In medicine neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is used as a marker of subclinical inflammation. It is calculated by dividing the number of neutrophils by number of lymphocytes, usually from peripheral blood sample.
| CELL RATIO | SEVERITY OF INFLAMMATION |
| <3.5 | MILD |
| >3.5 | MODERATE/ SEVERE |
Disease severity is an independent predictor of poor outcome. Age and NLR may be related to the severity of the infection and may also indicate the outcome of the condition. The conclusions of this study support that elevated NLR is an independent prognostic biomarker for COVID-19 patients.
| NORMAL RANGE | |
| FERRITIN | 13-150 ng/ml |
| LDH | 0-250 U/L |
| ESR | 0-22mm/hour |
FERRITIN -Ferritin is a blood protein that contains iron. A ferritin test helps your doctor understand how much iron your body stores. If a ferritin test reveals that your blood ferritin level is lower than normal, it indicates your body's iron stores are low and you have iron deficiency.
An analysis of the peripheral blood of 69 patients with severe COVID-19 revealed elevated levels of ferritin compared with patients with non-severe disease. Therefore, it was concluded that serum ferritin levels were closely related to the severity of COVID-19
LDH- This test measures the level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), also known as lactic acid dehydrogenase, in your blood or sometimes in other body fluids. LDH is a type of protein, known as an enzyme. LDH plays an important role in making your body's energy.
ESR -Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR or sed rate) is a test that indirectly measures the degree of inflammation present in the body. The test actually measures the rate of fall (sedimentation) of erythrocytes (red blood cells) in a sample of blood that has been placed into a tall, thin, vertical tube
| Labs | RT PCR Test | HRCT | Home Services | Contact Number | City | State |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Data not found in this city. | ||||||
